Amendments to Indian Constitution - Detailed notes of all amendments 21 - 40

 

Amendments to Indian Constitution - Detailed notes of all amendments 21 - 40

21st Amendment (1967)

• Added Sindhi as the 15th language in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution.

22nd Amendment (1969)

• Created a new autonomous state of Meghalaya within Assam.

23rd Amendment (1969)

• Extended reservation of seats for SCs, STs, and Anglo-Indians in Parliament and State Assemblies for another 10 years (until 1980).

24th Amendment (1971)

• Made it compulsory for the President to give assent to constitutional amendment bills.
• Gave Parliament power to amend any part of the Constitution, including Fundamental Rights (response to Kesavananda Bharati case).

25th Amendment (1971)

• Curtailed the right to property by allowing the government to acquire private property by giving compensation based on its discretion.
• Limited judicial review of property-related laws.

26th Amendment (1971)

• Abolished Privy Purses and royal titles for former rulers of princely states.

27th Amendment (1971)

• Converted Meghalaya from an autonomous state into a full-fledged state.
• Provided special provisions for the Union Territory of Mizoram.

28th Amendment (1972)

• Abolished the privileges and special rights of the former civil servants from princely states.

29th Amendment (1972)

• Added land reform laws of Kerala to the Ninth Schedule, making them immune to judicial review.

30th Amendment (1972)

• Changed the appeal jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in civil cases.
• Allowed appeals to the Supreme Court only if the case involved a substantial question of law.

31st Amendment (1973)

• Increased the Lok Sabha seats from 525 to 545, adjusting for population growth.

32nd Amendment (1973)

• Provided special provisions to protect the tribal population of Andhra Pradesh.

33rd Amendment (1974)

• Made resignation of MLAs and MPs valid only if accepted by the Speaker or Chairman to prevent misuse.

34th Amendment (1974)

• Added more land reform laws of different states to the Ninth Schedule, preventing judicial review.

35th Amendment (1974)

• Created Sikkim as an "Associate State" of India (later removed by the 36th Amendment).

36th Amendment (1975)

• Made Sikkim a full-fledged state of India and added it to the First Schedule.

37th Amendment (1975)

• Provided a Legislative Assembly for Arunachal Pradesh, making it a Union Territory with limited self-governance.

38th Amendment (1975)

• Made the President’s ordinance-making powers absolute, preventing judicial review of ordinances.
• Also protected emergency-related decisions from being challenged in courts.

39th Amendment (1975)

• Barred judicial review of elections for the President, Vice President, Prime Minister, and Lok Sabha Speaker (passed during Emergency to protect Indira Gandhi’s election).

40th Amendment (1976)

• Expanded Parliament's power to acquire land for public purposes.
• Added more laws to the Ninth Schedule to protect them from judicial review.

* Constitution Amendments - 1-20 |  21- 40 | 41- 60 | 61- 80 | 81 - 106 |